MSE Department Seminar

Materials are at the heart of everything in the semiconductor industry, from the cell phones in our pockets to the mainframes powering global financial transactions. This talk will highlight some of the key challenges and opportunities for materials engineering in leading-edge semiconductor architectures. State-of-the-art interconnects can be fabricated with atomic-level precision to co-optimize electrical performance and reliability. First-principles-based simulation can help us identify promising candidate materials for next-generation interconnect wiring.

Deep Learning (DL) algorithms, recognized for their extensive capabilities in efficient image and video processing, have emerged as promising candidates for deployment within low-latency, mission-critical systems at the edge. Continuous research aimed at achieving high-performance DL execution has resulted in the development of several specialized, low-overhead inference hardware accelerators.

Quasicrystals are exotic materials that have symmetries that once thought to be impossible for matter. The first known examples were synthesized in the laboratory 40 years ago, but could Nature have beaten us to the punch? Many thought this was impossible. This talk will describe the decades-long search to prove them wrong, resulting in one of the strangest scientific stories you are ever likely to hear.

Transport phenomena play an essential role in designing and engineering materials with tailored functionalities. In this talk, I will highlight our group’s efforts in integrating ultrafast spectroscopy and material engineering to uncover the fundamental mechanisms and new phenomena that govern thermal transport and magnetization dynamics in functional materials.

There are two major challenges in integrating crystalline piezoelectric materials with soft biological systems for medical applications. First, they are inherently brittle and rigid, leading to significant mechanical mismatches with biological systems. Second, traditional piezoelectric materials are not degradable, either requiring removal or risking accumulation once implanted. In this talk, I will first discuss my works in engineering piezoelectric structures and devices with tissue/organ-mimetic properties through electric-field-assisted 3D printing.

My research group’s expertise lies in the development of physics-based molecular models and simulation methods as well as data-driven machine learning models for designing and characterizing soft macromolecular materials. In the past few years we have devoted significant efforts towards the development of machine learning based computational methods to accelerate and automate interpretation of structural characterization data from scattering and microscopy techniques.

Metallic delafossites such as PdCoO2 are layered oxides with a unique crystal structure: conductive Pd+ sheets alternate with insulating [CoO2]− layers. This layered crystal structure gives rise to two remarkable features. First, the Pd+ layers host quasi–two-dimensional electrons with conductivities comparable with elemental metals, enabling long mean free paths and unusual transport phenomena even in ultrathin films. Second, the polar stacking of charged layers produces surfaces and interfaces with strongly contrasting electronic properties.

Aluminum nitride (AlN) is widely used as the piezoelectric layer for RF acoustic filters for its high electromechanical coupling coefficient, high acoustic phase velocity, as well as low acoustic and dielectric loss. In addition to being an excellent piezoelectric, AlN is also an ultra-wide bandgap semiconductor used in UV photonics and RF transistor amplifiers. An exciting opportunity enabled by Bulk Acoustic Wave (BAW) filters is the monolithic integration with active devices such as high-electron-mobility-transistor (HEMT) amplifiers.

Over the past decades, we have witnessed tremendous progress and success in engineered photonic materials, including photonic crystals, plasmonic nanostructures, and metamaterials. For instance, by tailoring the geometry of the building blocks of metamaterials and engineering their spatial distribution, we can control the amplitude, polarization state, phase, and trajectory of light in an almost arbitrary manner [1,2].

Technological developments often rely on specifically designed materials and molecules. The increasing pace of technology development, coupled with rising energy needs and climate challenges, requires faster approaches for materials discovery. Historically, materials have been discovered by trial-and-error approaches that rely on chemical intuition. Designing materials with tailored properties is challenging because of the astronomical number of possible compounds and structures, and materials behaviors that do not adhere to standard chemical intuition.